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使用保留关键字

通常情况使用Hive的保留关键字作为列名，会产生以下异常。可以通过"反引号" 转义保留关键字。

# 异常SQL
 create table ods_uac_url_test
 (
    group string comment '用户组',
    host string comment '网站域名',
 )
 comment 'uac url日志'
 partitioned by(ymd string, hour string)
 stored as parquet tblproperties('parquet.compression' = 'SNAPPY');

# 正常SQL
 create table ods_uac_url_test
 (
    `group` string comment '用户组',
    `host` string comment '网站域名',
 )
 comment 'uac url日志'
 partitioned by(ymd string, hour string)
 stored as parquet tblproperties('parquet.compression' = 'SNAPPY');


NoViableAltException(135@[])
    at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.parse.HiveParser.columnNameTypeOrPKOrFK(HiveParser.java:33341)
    at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.parse.HiveParser.columnNameTypeOrPKOrFKList(HiveParser.java:29513)
    at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.parse.HiveParser.createTableStatement(HiveParser.java:6175)
    at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.parse.HiveParser.ddlStatement(HiveParser.java:3808)
    at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.parse.HiveParser.execStatement(HiveParser.java:2382)
    at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.parse.HiveParser.statement(HiveParser.java:1333)
    at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.parse.ParseDriver.parse(ParseDriver.java:208)
    at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.parse.ParseUtils.parse(ParseUtils.java:77)
    at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.parse.ParseUtils.parse(ParseUtils.java:70)
    at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.Driver.compile(Driver.java:468)
    at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.Driver.compileInternal(Driver.java:1317)
    at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.Driver.runInternal(Driver.java:1457)
    at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.Driver.run(Driver.java:1237)
    at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.Driver.run(Driver.java:1227)
    at org.apache.hadoop.hive.cli.CliDriver.processLocalCmd(CliDriver.java:233)
    at org.apache.hadoop.hive.cli.CliDriver.processCmd(CliDriver.java:184)
    at org.apache.hadoop.hive.cli.CliDriver.processLine(CliDriver.java:403)
    at org.apache.hadoop.hive.cli.CliDriver.executeDriver(CliDriver.java:821)
    at org.apache.hadoop.hive.cli.CliDriver.run(CliDriver.java:759)
    at org.apache.hadoop.hive.cli.CliDriver.main(CliDriver.java:686)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
    at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
    at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498)
    at org.apache.hadoop.util.RunJar.run(RunJar.java:226)
    at org.apache.hadoop.util.RunJar.main(RunJar.java:141)
FAILED: ParseException line 10:8 cannot recognize input near 'group' 'string' 'comment' in column name or primary key or foreign key